Book value per share is a measure used to assess the value of a company’s common equity (shareholders’ equity) on a per-share basis. It’s calculated by dividing the total shareholders’ equity by the number of outstanding shares of the company’s stock. The book value per share provides insight into what shareholders would receive if the company were to be liquidated and its assets sold off at their stated book value.

Here’s a breakdown of the terms:

1. Total Shareholders’ Equity: This is the difference between a company’s total assets and its total liabilities. It represents the residual interest in the company’s assets after deducting all liabilities. Shareholders’ equity includes items such as common stock, retained earnings, and additional paid-in capital.

2. Number of Outstanding Shares: This refers to the total number of shares of the company’s common stock that are held by investors and are available for trading in the market.

Book value per share is often used as a baseline measure of a company’s value. It’s important to note that book value per share does not take into account the company’s future earnings potential or market sentiment. As a result, companies with strong growth prospects or intangible assets (such as brands and intellectual property) might have a book value per share that doesn’t fully reflect their true market value.

Investors and analysts typically compare the book value per share with the company’s current stock price to assess whether the stock is trading at a premium or discount to its book value. If the market price per share is higher than the book value per share, it suggests that investors are valuing the company’s future earnings potential and growth prospects. Conversely, if the market price per share is lower than the book value per share, it could indicate that the market is undervaluing the company’s assets or there might be concerns about the company’s financial health.

It’s important to use book value per share in conjunction with other financial metrics and analysis techniques to make well-informed investment decisions.